基于StatefulSet有状态部署与DaemonSet部署prometheus node-exporter
2022/8/9 1:25:25
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statefulset有状态应用部署
考虑无状态的pod因素,让每个pod独立,保持pod启动顺序和唯一性。拥有唯一的网络标识符,持久存储。启动顺序有序,例如mysql主从节点
应用场景
为了解决有服务状态的集群部署、集群之间的数据同步问题(Mysql主从等)
稳定的持久化存储:Pod重新调度后访问相同的持久化数据,基于PVC来实现。
稳定的网络标志:Pod重新调度后PodName和HostName不变,基于Headless Service来实现。
有序扩展:在扩展的时候要依据定义的顺序依次依次进行,基于init containers 实现。在下一个Pod运行之前所有Pod必须是Running和Ready状态)。
有序删除,从后到前逐个删除pod。
组成部分
从上面的应用场景可以发现,StatefulSet由以下几个部分组成:
Headless Service,用于定义网络标志(DNS domain)的。
volumeClaimTemplates,用于创建PVC,指定pvc名称大小,pvc必须由存储类提供存储。为每个Pod生成不同的pvc,并绑定pv,从而实现各pod有专用存储。
StatefulSet,定义具体应用,与deployments类似。
deployment和statefulset区别:有身份(具有唯一标识符)
(1)根据主机名+按照一定规则生成域名
(2)每个pod拥有唯一的主机名
(3)唯一域名:格式:
(4)Pod主机名称.service名称.名称空间.svc.cluster.local
部署有状态服务:
声明svc取消ip地址的暴露,将clusterip置位None
root@deploy:/statefulset# kubectl create ns test namespace/test created root@deploy:/statefulset# vim statefulset.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: StatefulSet metadata: name: web-statefulset namespace: test spec: serviceName: test-statefulset replicas: 2 selector: matchLabels: app: web template: metadata: labels: app: web spec: containers: - image: nginx name: nginx ports: - containerPort: 80 - name: tomcat image: tomcat ports: - containerPort: 8080 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: labels: app: web name: test-statefulset namespace: test spec: clusterIP: None ports: - port: 80 name: nginx protocol: TCP targetPort: 80 - port: 8080 protocol: TCP targetPort: 8080 name: tomcat selector: app: web root@deploy:/statefulset# kubectl apply -f statefulset.yaml
查看statefulset pod
root@deploy:/statefulset# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE web-statefulset-0 2/2 Running 0 70s web-statefulset-1 2/2 Running 0 38s
进入到pod测试网络和主机名称
#查看svc root@deploy:/statefulset# kubectl get svc NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE test-statefulset ClusterIP None <none> 80/TCP,8080/TCP 8m33s root@deploy:/statefulset# kubectl exec -it web-statefulset-0 -- bash Defaulted container "nginx" out of: nginx, tomcat root@web-statefulset-0:/# cat /etc/hosts # Kubernetes-managed hosts file. 127.0.0.1 localhost ::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet fe00::0 ip6-mcastprefix fe00::1 ip6-allnodes fe00::2 ip6-allrouters 10.200.166.175 web-statefulset-0.test-statefulset.test.svc.cluster.local web-statefulset-0
使用其他namespace下的pod访问test 名称空间下的statefulset应用
root@master1:~# kubectl get pods -n default NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE aliyun-web-deployment-668cb5f7b5-5rnqs 1/1 Running 1 (127m ago) 3d21h aliyun-web-deployment-668cb5f7b5-sgs2g 1/1 Running 1 (127m ago) 3d21h web-deployment-647db54fb5-fkggx 1/1 Running 1 (127m ago) 4d1h web-deployment-647db54fb5-lz64s 1/1 Running 1 (127m ago) 4d1h root@master1:~# kubectl exec -it -n default web-deployment-647db54fb5-lz64s -- curl test-statefulset.test <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style> html { color-scheme: light dark; } body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html> root@master1:~#
pod访问测试
root@web-statefulset-0:/usr/local/tomcat# curl web-statefulset-0.test-statefulset.test.svc.cluster.local <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style> html { color-scheme: light dark; } body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html>
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