Ubuntu实现免密登录
2022/9/3 5:24:09
本文主要是介绍Ubuntu实现免密登录，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
@[TOCUbuntu实现免密登录)
准备环境：两台Ubuntu节点server版，，ip我设置的静态，可以实现ssh远程登录window终端（cmd），也可以实现远程登录的,需要注意的是使用Ubuntu远程登录需要先登录普通用户再切换到root用户
说明：登录完毕后切换到root后，root是没有设置密码的，需要使用passwd设置一下root的密码
1，修改一下ssh配置文件
用于开启远程操作的密码验证
root@master:~# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config # Logging #SyslogFacility AUTH #LogLevel INFO # Authentication: #LoginGraceTime 2m #PermitRootLogin prohibit-password PermitRootLogin yes #需要开启的是这行，注意把注释去掉 #StrictModes yes #MaxAuthTries 6 #MaxSessions 10 #PubkeyAuthentication yes
2，使用windows终端实现远程登录
C:\Users\huhy>ssh huhy@192.168.200.100 huhy@192.168.200.100's password: Welcome to Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.15.0-25-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com * Management: https://landscape.canonical.com * Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage System information as of Thu Sep 1 03:46:07 PM UTC 2022 System load: 0.08251953125 Processes: 221 Usage of /: 33.3% of 19.51GB Users logged in: 1 Memory usage: 10% IPv4 address for ens33: 192.168.200.100 Swap usage: 0% 0 updates can be applied immediately. Last login: Thu Sep 1 15:34:51 2022 from 192.168.200.1 huhy@master:~$ sudo su root
3，做个域名解析
root@master:~# vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.1.1 huhy # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters 192.168.200.100 master 192.168.200.101 slave1 # 添加最后两行即可，注意更改IP # 测试 root@master:~# ping master PING master (192.168.200.100) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from master (192.168.200.100): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.023 ms 64 bytes from master (192.168.200.100): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms 64 bytes from master (192.168.200.100): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.106 ms ^C --- master ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2034ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.023/0.059/0.106/0.034 ms root@master:~# ping slave1 PING slave1 (192.168.200.101) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from slave1 (192.168.200.101): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.773 ms 64 bytes from slave1 (192.168.200.101): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.830 ms 64 bytes from slave1 (192.168.200.101): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.820 ms ^C --- slave1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2006ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.773/0.807/0.830/0.024 ms root@master:~# #alave1同样操作 root@slave1:~# vi /etc/hosts root@slave1:~# ping master -c3 PING master (192.168.200.100) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from master (192.168.200.100): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.640 ms 64 bytes from master (192.168.200.100): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.95 ms 64 bytes from master (192.168.200.100): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=2.20 ms --- master ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2020ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.640/1.598/2.202/0.685 ms root@slave1:~# ping slave1 -c3 PING slave1 (192.168.200.101) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from slave1 (192.168.200.101): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.023 ms 64 bytes from slave1 (192.168.200.101): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.067 ms 64 bytes from slave1 (192.168.200.101): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms --- slave1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2057ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.023/0.054/0.073/0.022 ms root@slave1:~#
4，做免密操作
ssh: Could not resolve hostname key-gen: Temporary failure in name resolution root@master:~# ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair. # 连续回车四下 Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub The key fingerprint is: SHA256:X2aQjgO4k5zdxe5kjsvpqILy9C6gkWEBjpKp77Q1AxY root@master The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 3072]----+ |o | |o+ . . . | |=.E . . = | |+. o = o = . | |ooo * . S = + | |+o . . O + | |.++ + . + | |++o+ o o o | |..+++...= | +----[SHA256]-----+ root@master:~# # slave1同样操作 root@slave1:~# ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub The key fingerprint is: SHA256:WASg8Kr3Fs/7L7CyB+SXW6K3dm4hmuVMaYXCmeFTYIc root@slave1 The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 3072]----+ |. ++o.. | | o oE... | | oo = .. | | . O .o. | |. o o.+S | |. + @ o | |. . / B . | | . .* @ + | | .o*oBoo. | +----[SHA256]-----+ root@slave1:~# #ssh传输公钥 root@master:~# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@slave1 root@slave1:~# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@master #传输后输入密码即可 #测试master root@master:~# ssh slave1 Welcome to Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.15.0-25-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com * Management: https://landscape.canonical.com * Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage System information as of Thu Sep 1 04:21:53 PM UTC 2022 System load: 0.0498046875 Processes: 217 Usage of /: 34.4% of 19.51GB Users logged in: 1 Memory usage: 10% IPv4 address for ens33: 192.168.200.101 Swap usage: 0% 0 updates can be applied immediately. Last login: Thu Sep 1 16:18:54 2022 from 192.168.200.100 root@slave1:~# #测试slave1 root@slave1:~# ssh master Welcome to Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.15.0-25-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com * Management: https://landscape.canonical.com * Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage System information as of Thu Sep 1 04:22:46 PM UTC 2022 System load: 0.0107421875 Processes: 216 Usage of /: 33.3% of 19.51GB Users logged in: 1 Memory usage: 10% IPv4 address for ens33: 192.168.200.100 Swap usage: 0% 0 updates can be applied immediately. Last login: Thu Sep 1 16:18:46 2022 from 192.168.200.101 root@master:~#
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