VGA协议与图像输出Verilog编程
2021/5/31 22:21:28
本文主要是介绍VGA协议与图像输出Verilog编程,对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值,需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧!
一、实验要求
练习基于VGA的图像显示,了解VGA协议。
二、实验步骤
本次实验采用现有工程进行验证(EP4CE115F29C7)
1.使用 Quartus II 打开工程,进入 vga_colorbar.v 文件内进行代码修改
将原有代码替换为以下代码:
module vga_colorbar( OSC_50, //原CLK2_50时钟信号 VGA_CLK, //VGA自时钟 VGA_HS, //行同步信号 VGA_VS, //场同步信号 VGA_BLANK, //复合空白信号控制信号 当BLANK为低电平时模拟视频输出消隐电平,此时从R9~R0,G9~G0,B9~B0输入的所有数据被忽略 VGA_SYNC, //符合同步控制信号 行时序和场时序都要产生同步脉冲 VGA_R, //VGA绿色 VGA_B, //VGA蓝色 VGA_G); //VGA绿色 input OSC_50; //外部时钟信号CLK2_50 output VGA_CLK,VGA_HS,VGA_VS,VGA_BLANK,VGA_SYNC; output [7:0] VGA_R,VGA_B,VGA_G; parameter H_FRONT = 16; //行同步前沿信号周期长 parameter H_SYNC = 96; //行同步信号周期长 parameter H_BACK = 48; //行同步后沿信号周期长 parameter H_ACT = 640; //行显示周期长 parameter H_BLANK = H_FRONT+H_SYNC+H_BACK; //行空白信号总周期长 parameter H_TOTAL = H_FRONT+H_SYNC+H_BACK+H_ACT; //行总周期长耗时 parameter V_FRONT = 11; //场同步前沿信号周期长 parameter V_SYNC = 2; //场同步信号周期长 parameter V_BACK = 31; //场同步后沿信号周期长 parameter V_ACT = 480; //场显示周期长 parameter V_BLANK = V_FRONT+V_SYNC+V_BACK; //场空白信号总周期长 parameter V_TOTAL = V_FRONT+V_SYNC+V_BACK+V_ACT; //场总周期长耗时 reg [10:0] H_Cont; //行周期计数器 reg [10:0] V_Cont; //场周期计数器 wire [7:0] VGA_R; //VGA红色控制线 wire [7:0] VGA_G; //VGA绿色控制线 wire [7:0] VGA_B; //VGA蓝色控制线 reg VGA_HS; reg VGA_VS; reg [10:0] X; //当前行第几个像素点 reg [10:0] Y; //当前场第几行 reg CLK_25; always@(posedge OSC_50) begin CLK_25=~CLK_25; //时钟 end assign VGA_SYNC = 1'b0; //同步信号低电平 assign VGA_BLANK = ~((H_Cont<H_BLANK)||(V_Cont<V_BLANK)); //当行计数器小于行空白总长或场计数器小于场空白总长时,空白信号低电平 assign VGA_CLK = ~CLK_to_DAC; //VGA时钟等于CLK_25取反 assign CLK_to_DAC = CLK_25; always@(posedge CLK_to_DAC) begin if(H_Cont<H_TOTAL) //如果行计数器小于行总时长 H_Cont<=H_Cont+1'b1; //行计数器+1 else H_Cont<=0; //否则行计数器清零 if(H_Cont==H_FRONT-1) //如果行计数器等于行前沿空白时间-1 VGA_HS<=1'b0; //行同步信号置0 if(H_Cont==H_FRONT+H_SYNC-1) //如果行计数器等于行前沿+行同步-1 VGA_HS<=1'b1; //行同步信号置1 if(H_Cont>=H_BLANK) //如果行计数器大于等于行空白总时长 X<=H_Cont-H_BLANK; //X等于行计数器-行空白总时长 (X为当前行第几个像素点) else X<=0; //否则X为0 end always@(posedge VGA_HS) begin if(V_Cont<V_TOTAL) //如果场计数器小于行总时长 V_Cont<=V_Cont+1'b1; //场计数器+1 else V_Cont<=0; //否则场计数器清零 if(V_Cont==V_FRONT-1) //如果场计数器等于场前沿空白时间-1 VGA_VS<=1'b0; //场同步信号置0 if(V_Cont==V_FRONT+V_SYNC-1) //如果场计数器等于行前沿+场同步-1 VGA_VS<=1'b1; //场同步信号置1 if(V_Cont>=V_BLANK) //如果场计数器大于等于场空白总时长 Y<=V_Cont-V_BLANK; //Y等于场计数器-场空白总时长 (Y为当前场第几行) else Y<=0; //否则Y为0 end reg valid_yr; always@(posedge CLK_to_DAC) if(V_Cont == 10'd32) //场计数器=32时 valid_yr<=1'b1; //行输入激活 else if(V_Cont==10'd512) //场计数器=512时 valid_yr<=1'b0; //行输入冻结 wire valid_y=valid_yr; //连线 reg valid_r; always@(posedge CLK_to_DAC) if((H_Cont == 10'd32)&&valid_y) //行计数器=32时 valid_r<=1'b1; //像素输入激活 else if((H_Cont==10'd512)&&valid_y) //行计数器=512时 valid_r<=1'b0; //像素输入冻结 wire valid = valid_r; //连线 wire[10:0] x_dis; //像素显示控制信号 wire[10:0] y_dis; //行显示控制信号 assign x_dis=X; //连线X assign y_dis=Y; //连线Y parameter char_line00=272'hFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, char_line01=272'h00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, char_line02=272'h00400C0000000000000000000000000000C008000000000000000000000000000000, char_line03=272'h00700E0000000180000000000000000000E00C0000000000000000800180000000C0, char_line04=272'h00600C00000003C0000000000000000000C01C0000000000000000FFFF80000001E0, char_line05=272'h00600C3003FFFC000000000000000080008018000000000000800080018003FFFE00, char_line06=272'h1FFFFFF8000180007FFE7FF003C80380008018007C1F03C803800080018000000000, char_line07=272'h00600C0000018000180E18180E3803800104301018040E3803800080018000000000, char_line08=272'h00600C00000180001802180C080803800FFE30381804080803800080018000000000, char_line09=272'h00600C000001800018031806180802800C0C7FF818041808028000FFFF8000000000, char_line0a=272'h007FFC000001800018011806300406C00C0C60300C08300406C00080018000000000, char_line0b=272'h00600C000001800018001806300404C00C0CC0300C08300404C00080018000000018, char_line0c=272'h00600C000001801018081806200004C00C0C80300C08200004C0008001800000003C, char_line0d=272'h007FFC000001803818081806600004C00C0D00300C08600004C0008001803FFFFFFE, char_line0e=272'h00600C003FFFFFFC1818180C60000C600C0D4030061060000C6000FFFF8000018000, char_line0f=272'h00600C10000180001FF81818600008600C0E20300610600008600080010000018000, char_line10=272'h00600C380001800018181FF0600008600C0C10300610600008600008200000418000, char_line11=272'h3FFFFFFC0001800018081800600008600FFC1830073060000860000C382000718800, char_line12=272'h003208000001800018081800603F1FF00C0C18300320603F1FF0080C307000E18600, char_line13=272'h00618C000001800018001800600C10300C0C0C300320600C10300C0C307000C18300, char_line14=272'h00C106000001800018001800600C10300C0C08300320600C1030060C30C001818180, char_line15=272'h018101C00001800018001800300C10300C0C003001C0300C1030030C30C0038180C0, char_line16=272'h030104FC0001800018001800300C30300C0C003001C0300C3030038C318003018060, char_line17=272'h0C010E380001800018001800180C20180C0C003001C0180C2018018C330006018070, char_line18=272'h187FF0000001800018001800180C20180C0C003001C0180C2018018C36000C018038, char_line19=272'h6001000000018000180018000C1060180C0C003000800C106018008C380018018038, char_line1a=272'h00010000000180007E007E0003E0F83E0C0C0030008003E0F83E000C301010018010, char_line1b=272'h00010000003F800000000000000000000FFC0C60000000000000000C303820738000, char_line1c=272'h00010060000F800000000000000000000C0C03E00000000000001FFFFFFC001F8000, char_line1d=272'h1FFFFFF00007000000000000000000000C0801C00000000000000000000000070000, char_line1e=272'h00000000000000000000000000000000000000800000000000000000000000020000, char_line1f=272'h00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000; reg[8:0] char_bit; always@(posedge CLK_to_DAC) if(X==10'd144)char_bit<=9'd272; //当显示到144像素时准备开始输出图像数据 else if(X>10'd144&&X<10'd416) //左边距屏幕144像素到416像素时 416=144+272(图像宽度) char_bit<=char_bit-1'b1; //倒着输出图像信息 reg[29:0] vga_rgb; //定义颜色缓存 always@(posedge CLK_to_DAC) if(X>10'd144&&X<10'd416) //X控制图像的横向显示边界:左边距屏幕左边144像素 右边界距屏幕左边界416像素 begin case(Y) //Y控制图像的纵向显示边界:从距离屏幕顶部160像素开始显示第一行数据 10'd160: if(char_line00[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; //如果该行有数据 则颜色为红色 else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; //否则为黑色 10'd162: if(char_line01[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd163: if(char_line02[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd164: if(char_line03[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd165: if(char_line04[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd166: if(char_line05[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd167: if(char_line06[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd168: if(char_line07[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd169: if(char_line08[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd170: if(char_line09[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd171: if(char_line0a[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd172: if(char_line0b[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd173: if(char_line0c[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd174: if(char_line0d[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd175: if(char_line0e[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd176: if(char_line0f[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd177: if(char_line10[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd178: if(char_line11[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd179: if(char_line12[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd180: if(char_line13[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd181: if(char_line14[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd182: if(char_line15[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd183: if(char_line16[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd184: if(char_line17[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd185: if(char_line18[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd186: if(char_line19[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd187: if(char_line1a[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd188: if(char_line1b[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd189: if(char_line1c[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd190: if(char_line1d[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd191: if(char_line1e[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; 10'd192: if(char_line1f[char_bit])vga_rgb<=30'b1111111111_0000000000_0000000000; else vga_rgb<=30'b0000000000_0000000000_0000000000; default:vga_rgb<=30'h0000000000; //默认颜色黑色 endcase end else vga_rgb<=30'h000000000; //否则黑色 assign VGA_R=vga_rgb[23:16]; assign VGA_G=vga_rgb[15:8]; assign VGA_B=vga_rgb[7:0]; endmodule
2.替换完成后编译文件,如果无误进行下一步
3.打开管脚编辑,按照以下表格进行管脚编辑
4.管脚编辑完成后再次编译
三、实验结果
在完成以上操作的前提下接上板子,连接设备进行上电实验,实验结果如下
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